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Experts link the noise with lower chick survival, and the problem is thought to be so severe it might impact on the populations of house sparrows in the UK’s town and cities.

Other studies showed numbers of breeding sparrows in the UK were found to have declined by between 60 percent and even 99 percent. The mechanism revealed by this study by researchers from the University of Sheffield is likely one important cause for this decline.

“It can have implications for all bird species that experience urban noise. Our study shows the first evidence for noise affecting breeding success in birds by interrupting communication between parents and offspring in a wild population,” says Julia Schroeder, of the department of animal and plant sciences.

“We have found a potential cause for the decline of sparrows in cities. The failed communication between parents and offspring could contribute to the dwindling numbers of sparrows in cities.”

The experts studied house sparrows living on Lundy Island in the Bristol Channel, which the scientists describe as a natural laboratory. They report their findings in PLoS ONE.

“We are lucky to have a brilliant study population of house sparrows on Lundy Island. Because it’s an island, and because sparrows don’t like to fly away from it across the sea, we can precisely track the survival of each bird,” Schroeder adds.

“Lundy is not connected to the electrical power grid and they produce electricity on the island. The power generators make a lot of noise. In the barn next to where they are situated, we also have 27 sparrow nest boxes. We compared the sparrows breeding in there with those breeding in nest boxes in other, quiet barns and in a small woodland on Lundy.

“Chicks that were reared in the noisy barn were lighter when they fledged. Their mothers did not feed them as often as in quiet places and they survived less well. Chicks were fed less often in noisy environments than they were in quieter areas. When the noise was turned off the broods in the nosier areas were fed more often.

“We believe that the noise from the generators on Lundy is comparable to the one made by cars in cities, and therefore, that noise impairing parent-offspring communication could be a reason for why sparrows decline in cities.”

To combat the problems the house sparrows are facing, the scientists say nest boxes should be put up as far away from noise as possible but only an overall reduction of urban noise could see a boom in bird numbers.

More news from the University of Sheffield: www.shef.ac.uk/mediacentre/