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A genetically tweaked common probiotic found in yogurt and cheese  appears to be an effective therapy for inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and may be also effective in the treatment of colon cancer, another disease triggered by inflammation.

Researchers deleted a gene in the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and fed the new form to mice with two different models of colitis. After 13 days of treatment, the novel probiotic strain nearly eliminated colon inflammation in the mice and halted progression of their disease by 95 percent.

“This opens brand new avenues to treat various autoimmune diseases of the gut, including inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer, all which can be triggered by imbalanced inflammatory immune responses,” says Mansour Mohamadzadeh, associate professor of medicine at Northwestern University.

The study is published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

While the origin of these bowel diseases is not known, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are two chronically relapsing diseases in which sufferers have an ongoing tissue inflammation that alters the functioning of the intestine.

The diseases affect more than 1 million people in the United States and can cause weight loss, diarrhea, abdominal pain and cramping, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Current drug treatment is not completely effective and patients can relapse.

“Such gene targeting in a probiotic bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus offers the possibility of a safe, drug-free treatment in the near future,” Mohamadzadeh says.

For the study, the modified Lactobacillus acidophilus entered the gut, which is akin to a battlefield of friendly fire with immune cells attacking the intestine. The Lactobacillus acidophilus acted as the gut’s peacekeeping force, calming the overstimulated immune cells.

The probiotic restored intestinal peace by mobilizing messenger immune cells, called dendritic cells. The dendritic cells, in turn, enhanced the production of other functional immune cells, regulatory T-cells that rebalanced intestinal and systemic inflammation, Mohamadzadeh says.

“They essentially calm everything down and restore it to normal.” The next step will be a clinical trial with the new form of Lactobacillus acidophilus.

More news from Northwestern University: www.northwestern.edu/newscenter/index.html