Health & Medicine - Posted by Ken Branson-Rutgers on Friday, December 3, 2010 22:43 - 11 Comments    
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Female brain super sensitive to stress

Sex differences in the brain may explain why women are so sensitive to stress, and why they are more likely to suffer from stress-related diseases such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. (Credit: iStockphoto)

RUTGERS (US) — Gender differences in the brain may explain why women and men often react differently to stress.





Researchers studied the brains of male and female rats, focusing on two regions known to play a role in learning and stress: the amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. The amygdala, a small almond-shaped structure located deep within the brain, senses stressful situations. The prefrontal cortex, in the front of the brain, is necessary for higher cognitive functions.

“These two structures are intimately connected to one another,” says Tracey Shors, a professor of psychology at Rutgers, who is lead author of the study reported in the Journal of Neuroscience. “Therefore, we examined whether they communicate with one another to influence learning after stress.”

The researchers exposed male and female rats to stress, and then presented them with an associative learning task. During training, the rats learned to associate one event with another that occurred later in time. They played a tone and later stimulated the rats’ eyelids to elicit a blink.

brain_stress

After the stimulus was taken away, most of the male rats responded to the tone by blinking on their own. Most of the females, however, did not blink in response to the tone, indicating that they had failed to learn that association. But the research also contained a neurological surprise.

When Shors and her colleagues disrupted the connections between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala in some of the females, those females were able to learn the association.

“This wasn’t true for males,” says Shors. “So, males and females are using different brain structures to learn after stress. In other words, females can learn after stress if the prefrontal cortex can’t ‘talk’ to the amygdala. From this, we conclude that males and females can use different brain circuits to learn after stressful life events.”

Shors says sex differences in the brain may explain why women are so sensitive to stress, and why they are more likely to suffer from stress-related diseases such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

“Given these data, maybe we should consider these gender differences when we design treatments for such disorders,” Shors adds.

More news from Rutgers: http://news.rutgers.edu/medrel

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11 Comments

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God
Dec 4, 2010 20:27

I’ve been trying to tell you since I created you, I made the men have bigger brains!

^ u r not funny
Dec 6, 2010 10:09

God made woman more loving and sensitive because they are the bearer’s of our children

Kody
Dec 6, 2010 12:40

Nietszche said “Everything in woman is a riddle, and everything in woman has one solution—that is pregnancy. Man is for woman a means: the purpose is always the child. But what is woman for man?”
and “…Man shall be educated for war, and woman for the recreation of the warrior.”

Laurie
Dec 6, 2010 13:45

I’m stuck on the second to last paragraph.

“Shors says sex differences in the brain may explain why women are so sensitive to stress, and why they are more likely to suffer from stress-related diseases such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).”

That correlation can’t be made since we don’t know if women are more likely to suffer from these or men are less likely to report suffering from them.

The only thing I saw proven was that women seemed less likely to alter behavior when forced to action. How this translates to real-world situations is still completely unknown.

Sakeenah
Dec 6, 2010 14:48

Interesting find! Would love to know more about this in the future.

Alyssa
Dec 6, 2010 16:04

70% of graduate psychology students are now female. Why do female psychologists enjoy torturing rats? Is it affirmative actions that promote preferential admission for females in psychology and other fields?

Affirmative action makes women and minorities feel like rats in an experiment, so female psychologists transfer this feeling to real rats?

Laurie’s interpretation of the experiment is clearly flawed, since there was no action involved. Rather there was a learning task after intentional stress, which was impaired in female rats but not in males.

Affirmative action again?

Dr. O'
Dec 6, 2010 18:01

Love the comments. They reveal more about gender response to stress than the original experiment. Comment for Kody – Nietszche has to be carefuly considered. His notes were edited after his death by his sister. It is said she hated him because he would not have sex with her, or because he did. Ain’t psychology fun?

Haya Rubin
Dec 7, 2010 4:04

Commenters should try to recall that this experiment was done in rats, not “women”.

Kody
Dec 7, 2010 13:51

I think it’s pretty common knowledge that women are more succeptable to depression and anxiety than men. It’s not that men don’t get depressed it’s just that they don’t let it interfere and break down and cry about it. We don’t know what it’s like having copious amounts of estrogen flowing through our minds and bodies. And Dr. O’, Nietszche’s personal life is pretty irrelevant to his philosophical insight. You’d think that if his sister hated him and edited his works for her own benefit, she would have left out any derogatory, or semmingly so, statements about women. Look at Aleister Crowley, i’m sure he dove head first into sexual debauchery, but how else could he know what it’s like on the other side of morals, to dictate to us our own side?

barbara
Dec 9, 2010 1:17

Try being a woman, super sensitive to stress, and add on a child with special needs! I just read an article on abilitypath.org that woman of children with special needs have a shortened life span o 9-12 years due to the level of stress they experience.

http://www.abilitypath.org/love-laugh–live/stress-relationships/coping/articles/mothers-of-children-with-special-needs-and-combat-soldiers.html

KarenSC
Dec 9, 2010 13:38

Kody’s right – I do research in depression and women’s rates are much higher than men starting in early adolescence, and seem to remember the same for PTSD (know people tend to think of just soldiers, but women soldiers now, and abuse, other traumatic events cause way more PTSD in women than in men). And Laurie – definately proven paths between stressful experiences and onset of depression.

Nice to see some neurology research on this, and not, ‘it’s the estrogen’ all the time. Also – this is in rats, it’s yet to be seen if you’d see the same gender difference in pathway in humans.

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