Health & Medicine - Posted by Jason Cody-Michigan State on Tuesday, November 23, 2010 11:40 - 7 Comments
Early start raises long-term risks

Why are some late-preterm babies at risk and others are not? Could it be the presence of obstetric complications, neonatal complications, postnatal factors such as feeding choice or some combination of these factors? Those are questions researchers at Michigan State continue to explore, says Nicole Talge. (Credit: iStockphoto)
MICHIGAN STATE (US) — Babies born early between 34 and 36 weeks face a double risk of both short-term medical problems and long-term emotional and cognitive challenges.
“We found late-preterm babies are between two and three times more likely at age 6 to have lower IQs as well as higher levels of attention problems and symptoms of anxious, withdrawn behavior,” says Nicole Talge, a postdoctoral research associate in epidemiology at Michigan State University.
These late-preterm babies face the increased risks regardless of maternal IQ or demographics, according to new study led by Talge and reported in the journal Pediatrics.
While late-preterm births (full-term pregnancies last at least 37 weeks) have been associated with such problems before, the study represents one of the most rigorous looks at the issue by accounting for other potential causes, says Talge.
“Previous studies reveal that babies born a little early are at-risk for short-term medical problems and possibly long-term behavioral and cognitive problems,” Talge says. “We wanted to look at a diverse population of children and take into account important factors such as maternal IQ and birth weight for gestational age; do the previously reported associations still hold up?
Talge stresses that not all babies born late-preterm experience problems and that further research is needed into exactly what is contributing to the increase.
As part of the National Institutes of Health-funded study, researchers analyzed a cohort developed by Naomi Breslau, a professor in MSU’s Department of Epidemiology. Data on babies born between 1983 and 1985 in both urban and suburban settings in southeast Michigan were analyzed and compared with data collected when the children were 6 years old.
For each late-preterm baby analyzed, a full-term counterpart was randomly identified as part of a control group, taking into account birth weight for gestational age.
“Children born late-preterm exhibited lower levels of cognitive performance and higher levels of behavioral problems at the age of 6 even after accounting for socioeconomic factors and maternal IQs,” Talge says.
“We want to find out what explains these associations: Why are some late-preterm babies at risk and others are not? Could it be the presence of obstetric complications, neonatal complications, postnatal factors such as feeding choice or some combination of these factors?
“We are looking into these possibilities in follow-up investigations.”
In addition, the increased risk was found at age 6; since children are still developing at that age it is important to see if and how these associations persist later in life.
It’s important to find these answers as more children are being born late-preterm: The rate of such delivery has risen 20 percent since 1990. While there is debate as to why that is occurring, Talge says, the impact it is having needs to be addressed.
More news from Michigan State: http://news.msu.edu/
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7 Comments
kim davis
Carolyn
This is interesting data and I will follow future studies. My son was born late preterm at 35 weeks. He had numerous problems in his first two months including hyperbilirubinemia above 25 and claustridium difficile infection that recurred twice. We were counseled that he could well suffer cognitive deficits due to the prolonged severe jaundice and emotional or digestive problems secondary to the inflammatory bowel disease. His i.q. is very high, and he is a happy well-balaced 14-year-old with many friends and interests. I just want other parents to know that the prognistications are not always correct.
curious
Hi there! I have 3 brothers and I was the only one born over 2 months premature. I was in a incubator for weeks, but after a few more weeks I was very healthy and have never had any problems healthwise in my life. In fact, the Doctors always comment that I am much healthier than they are :) When I was 7, I become lazy and bored in school, not studying and getting poor grades. My parents go me tested and they Doctor found that my IQ was over 140 and I was in fact, just bored and needed more stimulous.
Anyway, don´t worry or lose hope if your baby was born premature, I can tell you that my friends that were not born premature are not: smarter, healthier or emotionally superior to myself :)
Maureen Taylor
My son was born at 36 weeks, at 6 years old he was diagnosed mildly ADHD. Over the years his hypo behaviour has improved (we never used rittalin). But his learning has been slow and easily forgets what he has learned a few weeks before, his teacher said that most children need to be shown a couple of times but he needs to be shown a lot more. He is now 12 years old and still has learning difficulties. This article is very interesting as I’ve always wondered if it was because he was born early that he had learning problems? I also have a friend who’s daughter who was born early and also has learning difficulties who is the same age as my son. Very interesting… I look forward to updates
Annabeth Thomas
I disagree with this article I was born early, and I have no issues with learning.
Michelle Cooper
Very interesting article. My son now 21 years old has struggled all threw his schooling. He is now having problems finding work. He has struggled socially also. He shares some autism traits with his younger brother. He is a severe asthmatic and had/has some food intolerance. I’ve been wondering if he may be undiagnosed autistic. I do know his iq is low (80). After reading this article, perhaps it’s not autism, perhaps it’s because he was born 5 1/2 weeks early? What help is out there? Where do we go now?
Liss
Hi my case is so similar to maureen taylor my son now 7 was born at 36 weeks and he has lots of problems focusing and staying on task all he’s teachers have told me same thing he needs to focus he is a good learner a good student loves to read but he doesn’t like to socialize alot with other kids and I always feel like he is a lil behind than other kids its if everything is a little more harder for him im always wondering if it was becasause he was born at 36weeks.everybody I talk to thinks im crazy so thank you for sharing your stories now I don’t feel alone.
























hi my daughter was born 5 weeks early. she has an iq of 115 to 120. she does have other issues, like she won’t look you in the eye when you talk to her, she still plays in liquid soap like a 2 yr old, she’s 9 now. do you think or could there be a link between late-preterm and autism (asperger’s syndrome)? she has a lot of impulse control issues, like she can’t stop herself from doing some of the things she does. she has a low attention rate, she gets bored very easy. i hope someone is planning on doing some research on the older kids that are late-preterm. all the pediatricians make it sound like it’s in my head.